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The Transformation, Challenges and Path Reconstruction of Interaction Between Teachers and Students in Higher Education Institutions in the Era of Intelligent Media



Author(s)

ZHANG Zhanjun

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DOI:10.17265/2328-2177/2026.01.005

Beijing International Studies University, Beijing, China

In the era of intelligent media, the interaction between teachers and students in higher education is undergoing a profound transformation. The model has shifted from one-way transmission to multi-agent, two-way collaboration involving “teacher-student-AI (artificial intelligence)”. Interaction depth moves from surface Q&A to deep thought engagement, supported by instant, precise feedback and a blended virtual-physical space. New forms such as data-driven personalized interaction and immersive collaborative learning have emerged. However, this evolution brings significant challenges: over-reliance on technology may weaken cognitive autonomy; virtual interaction risks emotional detachment and trust erosion; ethical concerns like algorithmic bias and data privacy arise; teachers’ roles become blurred; and evaluation systems lag behind technological advances. Future pathways should position AI as a supportive tool while upholding human centrality. Strengthening emotional connection through online-offline blending, reforming assessment to value process and growth, and empowering teachers as digitally literate “learning guides” and “emotional connectors” are key to building a healthy, sustainable interactive ecosystem.

intelligent media era, teacher-student interaction, human-AI collaboration, emotional engagement, educational transformation, digital literacy