The Role of Renewable Energy in Achieving Net-Zero Emissions, Case Study: Rwanda

The global transition to a low-carbon economy is crucial to mitigate the devastating impacts of climate change. Rwanda, a landlocked country in East Africa, has set an ambitious target of achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. This case study examines the role of renewable energy in Rwanda’s efforts to reach this goal. Through an analysis of Rwanda’s energy mix, policy framework, and renewable energy projects, this paper demonstrates the country’s progress and challenges in scaling up renewable energy sources. The findings indicate that Rwanda has made significant strides in diversifying its energy portfolio, with a growing share of renewable energy, particularly solar and hydropower. However, barriers such as grid infrastructure limitations and access to finance remain obstacles to further renewable energy deployment. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to accelerate Rwanda’s transition to a renewable-powered, net-zero emissions economy, including strengthening grid integration, fostering private sector investment, and enhancing regional cooperation. The lessons learned from Rwanda’s experience can provide valuable insights for other developing countries seeking to harness the potential of renewable energy to achieve their climate goals.